In long terms, animals are used in experiments as
in vivo models – living, intact biological systems – and as sources of tissues, cells, and organs. Animal experimentation is usually defended as a way to solve specific problems, including the understanding and treatment of human disease. But animals are also used in what is categorized as basic research, which seeks to increase our knowledge of the way organisms behave, develop and function biologically.
It is estimated that at least 100 million animals are used every year in the multibillion dollar research industry that includes university, pharmaceutical laboratories, and military, agricultural. But because the most commonly used animals – rats, mice, and birds – are not counted, the exact number is not known.
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